Improvement in lamps



J, A. STEPHENS & J. LAMERAUX. Lamp.

No. 206.904. Patented Aug. 13. 1878.

fizz/anion! Wafnemreo gg g g I N. PETERS, PHOTO-LITHOGRAPHER WASHINGTOND C UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN A. STEPHENS AND J ULES LAMERAUX, OF KANOMIE, LOUISIANA.

IMPROVEMENT IN LAM PS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 206,904, dated August13, 1878; application filed July 1, 1878.

Jo all whom it may concern Be it known that we, JOHN A. STEPHENS and JULEs LAMERAUX, of Kanomie, in the parish of Rapides and State ofLouisiana, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inLamp-Burners; and we do hereby declare that the following is a full,clear, and exact description of the invention, which will enable othersskilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same,reference being had to the accompanying drawing, and to letters ofreference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

The figure is a partial side elevation of a lamp-burner in place upon anordinary lamp, the lamp, flange, chimney-plate, and cap bein g shown insection.

The object of this invention is to preventthe explosion of coal-oillamps, in which the ordinary kerosene or coal-oil of commerce is used,by permitting the gas to escape as rapidly as it is formed in theoil-reservoir, in such a manner that it will be absolutely safe fromignition; and it consists in improvements in the construction of theburner, hereinafter fully described, and particularly pointed out in theclaim.

In the accompanying drawing, similar letters of reference indicatecorresponding parts.

The wick-tube G is extended by a similar tube, F, just large enough toslip over the lower end of the tube 0, which extends below the plug. Bythe plug is meant the portion carrying the thread, and which is used tostop the hole in the lamp-cap.

The parts 0 and F of the tube are fastened together by soldering orotherwise to make the joint air-tight, and they may be made and solderedbefore insertion. The reason for making the part F the thickness of themetal larger than the part O is, that the wick. I may be the morereadily inserted.

The extension-tube F reaches nearly to the bottom of the bowl A, whereit receives all its oil, as the whole tube and its connections with theplug are airtight, so that neither air nor gas can reach the flame fromthe bowl A. As the oil is displaced by burning, its place must besupplied with air. In the ordinary lamp this takes place by suction downthe wick-tube through the joints, and sometimes through a small holemade in the plug by the side of the wick-tube. This is a great cause ofexplosion, and to remedy the defect two holes, G G, are provided in theordinary cap B, to supply air and to permit the gas to escape; and thatthere may be no possibility of the gas reaching the flame, a flange, H,is provided, which forms a part of the burner, surrounding it just abovethe thread on the plug, and is formed with it, and of the same metal.

In other respect-s the burner is of the ordinary construction, D beingthe plate upon which the lamp-chimney rests, and E is the ordinaryratchet for operating the wick.

The advantages claimed for these improvements are, that explosion isimpossible, using ordinary oil; that a lamp may be agitated or evenblown out by blowing down the chimney, as there is no way for the flameto reach the gas in or escaping from the bowl A, even Were the gas asdangerous as that contained in lamps with the ordinary burners; but forgreater safety the holes G G are made, and as the gas is lighter thanthe air, it is expelled from the bowl A, as fast as it is formedtherein, through the holes G G, creating a current or double current,the air entering and the gas escaping.

The flange H prevents the gas from entering the chimney through theperforated chimney-plate D, and guides it away from the lamp.

This burner can be applied to any lamp now in use by punching the holesG G in the stationary cap on glass lamps.

We are aware that lamps have been con structed having air-holes in thecap, also having the wick tube extending down to nearly the bottom ofthe oil-chamber. There fore these we do not broadly claim.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim as new and useful,and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

The wick-tube F 0, extending to nearly the bottom of the oil-chamber,and the cap 13, provided with the air-vents G G, in combination with theflange H, the whole constructed and operating substantially asdescribed.

In testimony that we claim the foregoing as our own we hereby atiix oursignatures in presence of two witnesses.

JOHN A. STEPHENS. J ULES LAMERAU-X.

Witnesses:

GEORGE PERcHERoNr, REUBEN U. CLARK.

